The negus is referred to as Al-Najashi () in the Islamic tradition. The empress was the daughter of a Muslim king Hadiya sultanate throughout the late 15th and the early 16th. Tazer 10 5799 299 His name means "Clemency of the Trinity." A member of the Amhara royal family, Sahle Selassie ruled the feudal, semi-independent kingdom of Shewa after his . Safay 13 5258 242 XVII. Hakli Sergway 12 5643 143 The Derg abolished the monarchy on 21 March 1975. It is by Sophonias Woldu | Feb 19, 2023 | Biography, Ethiopian History. XXI. XL. Lewi 2 5947 447 III. Ahmed lbn Ghazi, best known as Gran, invaded Ethiopia and held power until 1543. Takla Haymanot 8 7272 1772 He also often served as a regent in the emperors absence. Taddesse Tamrat argues that this practice began in the reign of Wedem Arad (12991314), following the struggle for succession that he believes lies behind the series of brief reigns of the sons of Yagbe'u Seyon (reigned 12851294). Sahala Dengel 1832-40 XVIII. XXV. Wedma Ared 15 6797 1297 So in this article, we will see the 15 most influential Ethiopian Kings and Leaders. Empress Menen was active in promoting women's issues in Ethiopia, was Patroness of the Ethiopian Red Cross, and the Ethiopian Women's Charitable Organization. LX. Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. Ethiopia - The rise and reign of Haile Selassie I (1916-74) Emperor Tewodros committed suicide, realizing his hopeless position. Its use, from at least the reign of Menelik I onward, meant that both subordinate officials and tributary rulers, notably the gubernatorial vassals of Gojjam (who ranked 12th in the states non-dynastic protocol as per 1690), Welega, the seaward provinces and later Shewa, received the honorific title of ngus, a word for "king.". Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Zawre Nebrat 16 5231 269 XXII. During his rule (1314-44), Amda mostly waged wars against the Muslim kingdoms to the southeast and thrived in expanding both Ethiopian territory and power in the region through conquests of Muslim borderlands. Tsegay Beze Wark 4 5712 212 Menelik II Biography - Facts, Childhood, Family Life & Achievements Italian Invasion of Ethiopia | War, History & Analysis | Study.com Still, the war began in 1531. Many plays, books, songs, and art works have been influenced by the life of Tewodros II of Ethiopia. Chandragupta In the wake of the death of Alexander the Great in 323 bce, Chandragupta (or Chandragupta Maurya), founder of the Mauryan dynasty, conquered the Punjab region from the southeastern edges of Alexander's former empire. Degu-Johannis 15 7177 1677 IV. Iyasu modernized the Ethiopian criminal code and created a municipal police force called the Terenbulle. 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Only their failure to capture the royal compound at Amba Geshen slowed the Muslims down. XIV. XX. Gariak I 66 1096 4404 VII. Suhal 4 5902 402 XI. Haile Selassie I | Biography, Rastafarian, Wife, Death, & Facts In this connection it should be noted that for some fifty years prior to the reign of the last king mentioned in the foregoing list (i.e. Solomon 2 7274 1774 Minas 4 7055 1555. Sir Robert Napier, the commander, paid money and weapons to Kassa, a dejazmatch (earl) of Tigray, in order to secure passage inland, and on April 10, on the plains below mba Maryam (or Mekdela), British troops defeated a small imperial force. XV. Rastafarians regard Haile Selassie I as God because the ascension of Haile Selassie into power quickly followed Marcus Garveys prophecy that says: Look to Africa where a black king shall be crowned, he shall be the Redeemer.. From roughly the 10th through 13th centuries, most of Ethiopia was under the rule of the Zagwe dynasty. XVII. IV. X. Atsbeha II 5 5881 381 Menen Asfaw - Wikipedia Although the emperor of Ethiopia had theoretically unlimited power over his subjects, his councillors came to play an increasing role in governing Ethiopia, because many emperors were succeeded either by a child, or one of the incarcerated princes, who could only successfully leave their prisons with help from the outside. It was a blow for all Rastafarians, who revere him as a god - and for those Rastafarians who had emigrated to. Although the list given me by the Regent concludes in the year given as EC 1779, I have thought it desirable to bring the tale up to date, and have completed the following list from various sources. XXXVI. Tewodoros 4 6899 1399 Hesba Asagad 1 6779 1279 The emperor settled at his political palace located at Shewa from 1508-1540. According to Ethiopian sources, this meeting resulted in a son named Ibn-al-Malik, who would later take the name of Menelik I as a great conqueror and founder of an empire. The potential royal rivals were incarcerated at Amba Geshen until the site was destroyed in 1540 during the Ethiopian-Adal war; then, from the reign of Fasilides (16321667) until the mid-18th century, at Wehni. The Italians had established themselves along the Red Sea coast, and the governor of the Italian colony of Eritrea, after much intrigue and several minor military skirmishes, risked a major confrontation. VII. IV. Lalibala 40 6673 1173 XXXII. Fere Sanay 23 6103 603 Ori (or Aram) II 30 3889 1611 Of the posterity of Sarisa Dengel up to the reign of King Takla Giyorgis 18 sovereigns reigned over Ethiopia. III. In this lesson, we are going to explore the history of the rulers of Ethiopia and see how their power changed over time. XIX. Nuatmeawn 4 4829 671 The restored Solomonic dynasty, which claimed descent from the old Aksumite rulers, ruled Ethiopia from the 13th century until 1974. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. XXIV. VIII. He also had a political agreement with Menilek II, his most significant rival. The Fasil Ghebbi ( Amharic: ) is a fortress located in Gondar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia. XXVIII. Awadu Jan Asagad 30 5692 192 XXVI. Psmenit Waradanegash 21 5043 457 Tewoflus 3 7207 1707 Yohannes contributed a lot to the system of the country, such as. Procopius calls him "Hellestheaeus", a variant of Koin Greek: version of his regnal name, Ge'ez: , romanized: ll Aba ( Histories, 1.20). Dawit 5 7216 1716 Abreha II 7 months Bonu I 8 3825 1675 Abreha Atsbeha (partly with his mother) 26 5832 332 Menilek II, also spelled Menelik II, original name Sahle Mariam, also spelled Sahle Maryam or Sahle Miriam, (born August 17, 1844, Ankober, Shewa [Shoa], Ethiopiadied December 12, 1913, Addis Ababa), king of Shewa (or Shoa; 186589) and emperor of Ethiopia (18891913). For that reason, historians refer to this as the Solomonic Dynasty. Ramenkoperm 14 4457 1043 Galawdewos 19 7051 1551 XIII. Ethiopian Empire - Wikipedia To this day, these 11 rock-hewn churches of Lalibela stand upright to show the architectural genius of the King and Saint Lalibela. XLVIII. Imperial Standard of Haile Selassie (obverse), Imperial Standard of Haile Selassie (reverse), "Atse" redirects here. IV. Due to his vision to unify and modernize Ethiopia, he still is one of the most cherished Ethiopian kings. X. ELEVATION TO THE THRONE OF ATSE (EMPEROR) LEBNA DENGEL, AND THE INVASION OF ETHIOPIA BY GRAN. Akala Wedem 8 6131 631 In the Solomonic dynasty, the Amhara Prince, ruler Yikuno Amlak Tasfa Iyesus. was one of the influential Ethiopian kings. Wedma Asfare 10 6865 1365 Among the churches, Bete Giyorgis is the most famous. LVII. XXIX. XII. From 1496-September 2, 1540, also known as Waneg Segad famously known as Libne Dengel or Dawit II, succeeded his throne at age of 12. Greetings and thanx to the one and only Creator of HOLY MOUNT ZION . states that the tradition was used on occasion, weakened or lapsed sometimes, and was sometimes revived to full effect after some unfortunate disputes and that the custom started in time immemorial as Ethiopian common inheritance patterns allowed all agnates to also succeed to the lands of the monarchy which however is contrary to keeping the country undivided. X. Saba II 30 3155 2345 On March 9, 1889, with victory in his grasp, he was shot and killed at Metema. Iyoas 15 7264 1764 : From A.D. 40 to A.D. 50), crowned by Gabre Hawariat Kandake, had made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem according to the Law of Orit (the ancient law), and on his return Phillip the Apostle taught him the gospel, and after he had made him believe the truth he sent him back, baptising him in the name of the Trinity. III. Haile Selassie was the last Solomonic monarch to rule Ethiopia. Nehasset Nais (Queen) 30 3096 2404 Although Yohannes, on his deathbed, had named his son Ras Mengesha as his heir and begged Ras Alula and his other nobles to support him, within a matter of weeks Menelik II declared himself emperor and was recognized throughout Ethiopia. He is credited with transforming the Ethiopian Empire by expanding his kingdom into Wolayta, Sidama, and Kaffa kingdoms. From this period dates the re-establishment of the empire, and the rapid extension of the powers of its sovereigns. V. Wasan Sagad 15 6080 580 In May 1963, Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia received delegates from 32 African nations to establish the OAU. Challenge, revival, and decline (16th-19th century) Designated "King" (not Emperor) by the Derg while out of the country, List of governors-general of Italian East Africa, "Emperor is Crowned in Regal Splendor at African Capital", "Ethiopian Crown Prince Hears News of Succession on Radio", "Funeral brings the royals back to Ethiopia", "Ethiopia's Military Government Abolishes Monarchy and Titles", "CHAMBER CONFIRMS EMPIRE FOR ITALY; Cheers for Army and Duce Mark Session Ratifying Ethiopia's Annexation", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_emperors_of_Ethiopia&oldid=1151969938, Very little information; identity unascertained, Very little information; likely Kedus Harbe, Possibly the illegitimate son of Iyasu II, This page was last edited on 27 April 2023, at 10:21. With their help, he imported firearms, the better to equip his armies and the garrisons and settlers that came in their wake. Yakob 9 7098 1598 Upon the emperors death in 1913, Iyasu took power in his own right. XII. In contrast, Kaleb stands out for his robust external geopolitical policies of Christianity. Susenyos was an Ethiopian king born around 1572 in Gojjam, Ethiopia. Ailassan Sagal 3 5733 233 Del Naad 10 6420 920. Yatbarak 17 6730 1230 Susenyos was an adopted child raised by a borena clan. The Amhara warrior turned emperor, Kassa of Qwara, Gonder, in 1855 took complete control over Ethiopia and was crowned Tewodros II. Amen Asero 16 4857 643 Amen II 15 3480 2020 XXIV. (Regent & Heir) 1916 XIX. CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF THE SOVEREIGNS FROM YEKUNO AMLAK, EMPEROR, AND OF HIS POSTERITY, ALL ISSUED FROM THE ANCIENT DYNASTIES WHICH WERE RAISED TO THE THRONE. Emperor of EthiopiaAmda Seyon I is most-famous in his chronicles as a valiant warrior against the Muslims and is often regarded as founder of the Ethiopian state. She is also one of the typicalethiopian.com Author team. XIV. Germa Asafar 15 6146 646 Nalke 5 5480 20 II. Feliya Hernekhit 15 5293 207 Menilek contracted with a French company to construct a railway between Addis Ababa and Djibouti, which thus spurred the exploitation of the countrys produce by foreign merchants in cooperation with the ruling elites. LV. Gabra Kristos 1832 Two subsequent casualties of the affair were the Ethiopian Prince Alemayehu and the British soldier John Kirkham. Kolas II (Kaletro) 10 5215 285 Blessed love to all JAH PEOPLE. Zagun Tsion Hegez 5 5697 197 III. This article lists the emperors of Ethiopia, from the founding of the Zagwe dynasty in the 9th/10th century until 1974, when the last emperor from the Solomonic dynasty was deposed. During this period Italy carried out a program of public works, concentrating especially on highways and on agricultural and industrial development. SOVEREIGNTY OF THE TRIBE OF KAM AFTER THE FALL OF THE TOWER OF BABEL, I. Kam 78 2865 2635 It is quite inconceivable that Menilek would have agreed to his historic country becoming a protectorate. They assigned him and returned to Ethiopia as the first Christian bishop. XIX. Axum was the center of a major trade empire that controlled the exchange of goods across the Red Sea. The Conquering Lion of Judah, a title of the Ethiopian Emperor and a national symbol of Ethiopia. Her Hator (Za Sagado) III 1 4224 1276 Senuka II 10 4092 1408 VII. by C.F. Chris has a master's degree in history and teaches at the University of Northern Colorado. XXVI. Practice favoured primogeniture (first-born child ascending to the throne) but did not always enforce it. XVII. African kings who ruled India | The Light Series - Ark Republic XXII. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. Kaleb was the king of Axum, who had various names based on the victory and his entitlements, Hellesthaeus, Ellastheaeus, Elesbaan, Ellesboas, and Elesboem. Lidiya is a 24-year-old writer who has been writing since the age of 12. The stricken emperor finally died in 1913. Nikosis Kandake IV (Queen) 10 5268 232 XXII. Nacuto Laab 40 6713 1213 A settlement after the battle canceled the Treaty of Wichale and acknowledged the full sovereignty and independence of Ethiopia, but the Italians were allowed to retain Eritrea. It was one of the most influential empires in history, with a bigger impact than you ever realized. Sabaka II 12 4760 740 XLI. Aktissanis 10 3969 1531 Right IconThis ranking is based on an algorithm that combines various factors, including the votes of our users and search trends on the internet. Zauditu (Empress) & Aksumay Warada Tsahay 23 4735 765 1530-31 - Muslim leader Ahmad Gran conquers much of Ethiopia. XXXVI. XLVII. XV. XV. II. XVI. Shortly after his employ began, the then reigning sovereign Queen Raziya (1236- 1240) the first female monarch of Delhi took a liking to him. Ahywa Sofya (Queen) 7 5806 306. Elagabaz I 2 5898 398 XX. The emperor went into exile on May 2, 1936. Adhana I (Queen) 5 5874 374 But later he was defeated by Libne Dingel. June 19, 1922 Published in: In The Country of The Blue Nile by C.F. On the death of Tewodros in 1868, Sahle Mariam, as negus of Shewa, aspired to the position of emperor, but he was not the only claimant. The British ignored the scheme, and, when no response came, Tewodros imprisoned the British envoy and other Europeans. He inspired the Rastafari movement, too. XVI. Alameda 8 5986 486 Amey 15 5896 396 Rey, F.R.G.S., Piori I 15 3515 1985. The Source of the Blue Nile - Google Books [5] XVIII. The West African nation of Ethiopia has a distinguished history. Awtet 2 5655 155 Massaherta 16 4443 1057 Germa Seyum 40 6553 1053 XXV. XXXIII. Hadawz 4 months Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia, has since been the seat of the headquarters of the OAU and AU, being referred to as the Capital of Africa. X. Senuka I 17 3817 1683 His grandmother was Empress Eleni. Rema Tsion Geza 3 5700 200 XXXVII. XLI. Mandes 17 3986 1514 Negro University Press, New York. Horkam 29 3125 2375 Abralyus Wiyankihi II 32 4712 788 A Complex World: History, Religion, Caste and Race in India XLIX. V. Hatosza Bahr Asaged 28 5578 78 Hohey 35 3245 2255 V. Yermrhana Kristos 40 6593 1093 Bahr Ekla 19 6201 701 XX. For legendary and archeologically unverified rulers of Ethiopian tradition, see List of legendary monarchs of Ethiopia. Za Israel 1 month Rastas go 'home', but the locals worry if it's gonna be all right DYNASTY OF ATSE (EMPEROR) KALEB UNTIL GEDAJAN, I. Kaleb 30 6023 523 II. The emperors of Ethiopia derived their right to rule based on two dynastic claims: their descent from the kings of Axum, and their descent from Menelik I, the son of Solomon and Makeda, Queen of Sheba. Tafari Makonnen, G.C.B.. Beginning in 1906 or 1907, Menilek suffered a series of paralytic strokes, and power passed to his wife, Empress Taitu, to Ras Tesemma, who became regent, and to Lij Iyasu, the grandson who was to succeed him. XXIII. VI. XXVII. The empress devoted herself to establishing a modern church. Tsaham II 2 5938 438 VI. LXIII. XXVII. XL. V. Aksumay Ramissu 20 4621 879 Zaware Nebret Aspurta 41 4932 568 Arkamen II 10 5195 305 Arfed Gebra Maskal 4 5869 369 VIII. The male line, through the descendants of Menelik's cousin Dejazmatch Taye Gulilat, still existed, but had been pushed aside largely because of Menelik's personal distaste for this branch of his family. XVII. The Shewan king remained faithful to Yohannes but took the opportunity in January 1887 to incorporate Harer into his kingdom. With Italy's entry on the side of the Axis Powers in World War II, the African part of the British Empire aided Haile Selassie and anti-Italian Ethiopian forces in the East African campaign. Creating a professional army are some of them. XXXIV. Currently, she is working on 3 books of her own including Warriors and the power of silence. Solomonic Descent in Ethiopian History As you ask me to send you the names of the Ethiopian Kings and the history of the Ethiopian Kings of Kings (Emperors), herewith I have taken a copy and send it to you. Mesenh Germasir 7 5585 85 Resistance to the occupation continued, however. [2] The most notable pre-Solomonic usage of the title "Negusa Nagast" was by Ezana of Axum; despite this, prior to the beginning of the Solomonic Dynasty, most Axumite and Zagwe rulers went by negus. Eventually, Ethiopian history had indicated that king Kaleb eventuallyabdicatedhis throne, gave his crown to theChurch of the Holy SepulchreatJerusalem, and retired to amonastery. The battle of Adwa, fought between fascist Italy and Ethiopia, was the deciding moment for Ethiopias freedom against the shackles of colonialism. I. Mahbara Wedem Both texts agreed that in the case of differences the Amharic text was to prevail. Yohannes thus became the first Ethiopian emperor in 300 years to wield authority from Tigray south to Gurag. Dedem 5 6285 785 Susenyos was an adopted child raised by a borena clan. IV. When he learned of the Italian interpretation, which was gaining some acceptance in Europe, he at once denied it and in 1893 renounced the whole treaty. X Serada 16 5621 121 With this objective, he fought and defeated the warlords of his age and was able to end the era of warlords. Rumors of these royal mountain residences were part of the inspiration for Samuel Johnson's short story, Rasselas. Gadagosh 13 6280 780 IV. XXXII. Emperor of Ethiopia - Wikipedia He helped devise its first charter and became its first chairperson,. In January 1942, Selassie was officially reinstated to power in Ethiopia. Ethiopia, as a roughly unified political state, has an ancient lineage. Her Hator II 30 4223 1277 Ethiopian Emperors: Title & History | Study.com XXI. XXIV. Kfr had successful campaigns in Syria and the Hejaz. Lalibela built ten rock-hewn churches, interconnected through internal passageways. XI. The latter (the Queens favourite), on his return to his country, taught by word of mouth the coming of our Saviour Jesus Christ and baptised them. XIV. Early in the subsequent campaigns, Haile Malakot died, and Sahle Mariam was captured and taken to the emperor's mountain stronghold, Amba Magdela. Of the posterity of Mara Takla Haymanot (whose regnal name was Zagwe) until the reign of Harbay 11 sovereigns reigned over Ethiopia; 268 sovereigns in all. II. Still, it was soundly defeated by the Ahmed gran troops, the Gelawdious kingdom was able to reinforce its power with the help of additional forces from the Portuguese. V. Sahle 14 5865 365 As history indicates, Fasil began building the castle to change the lifestyle more like a semi-nomadic way of living. Eritrea became independent only in 1991 from Ethiopia, after the longest partisan struggle of Africa (30 years). Menilek subsequently directed the Solomonic state into areas never before under its rule. HIM Haile Selassie I 1930-1974. Tsaham Laknduga 9 5779 279 Hanyon I 4544 956 XXIII. V. Fasil 35 7162 1662 XI. Amen Asro I 30 3859 1641 III. Only when he recognized the nature of his declining health, did Menelik create Ethiopia's first cabinet in 1907. It was an era where the country had no centralized command and no one king, but many of them administrated over their territories and battled each other. Ayba 17 5770 270 From this auspicious start, Ethiopia continued to grow as a major world power. Yikuno Amlak is well known for restoring the Solomonic dynasty, which lasted until 1974. In order to weaken the emperor, Rome tried to buy Sahle Mariams cooperation with thousands of rifles. XXI. Anbase Wedem 20 6410 910 XXXII. Although Tewodross first years were marked by attempts at social reform, his effort to establish garrisons nationwide lost the allegiance of the already heavily taxed peasantry, and he alienated parish clergy by converting excess church land to military and secular tenure. Finally, on June 19, 1285, King Yekune Amlake died. Even though his exact Birthdate is still under severe uncertainty, the timing is between 1300-1285. The emperor was the head of state and head of government, with ultimate executive, judicial and legislative power in that country. Kedus Arbe (samt) 40 6633 1133 Affar 50 2121 3379 XLVI. Deposed by nobility with the sanction of the. VIII. II. Gedajan 1 6350 850 Adimo 1797-99 Amoy 21 4040 1460 According to legends the first empire in Ethiopia was founded by Menelik I, son of King Solomon and the Queen of Sheba. Amen Emhat I 40 3944 1556 Italy under Benito Mussolini attacked Ethiopia in 1935, starting the Second Italo-Ethiopian War. XXXVIII. Iyasu was born on February 4, 1897, in Wello from his mother, Weyzero Shoaregga. Bakaffa 9 7225 1725 Ethiopia profile - Timeline - BBC News Most archeologists agree that this region is the birthplace of humanity, based on fossil evidence of our. Saloug 30 1799 3701 XII. In The Country of The Blue Nile As the emperor sought to enhance the national power of Ethiopia, he increasingly took a direct hand in administration and, like the great French monarch, Louis XIV, he identified himself with the state. The emperor retired into Ethiopia to await negotiations, and on October 26, 1896, he signed the Treaty of Addis Ababa, which abrogated the Treaty of Wichale. Etiypus II 30 3800 1700 Milanos 62 2183 3317 Haile Selassie I himself was never a Rastafarian. Ras Alula - Wikipedia Sahle Selassie, (born 1795 or 1801died 1847), ruler (1813-47) of the kingdom of Shewa (Shoa), Ethiopia. [11] XXII. This diplomatic incident led to an Anglo-Indian military expedition in 1868. IX. Menelik Ii | Encyclopedia.com Due to lack of primary materials, it is not possible as of 2006[update] to determine which theory is the more plausible. X. Yostos 4 7211 1711
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