Share. Use tab to navigate through the menu items. The 250-acres Keystone Ranch, part of which was James Bonar's original homestead, was founded in 1910 and grew and marketed under its own label several varieties of apples, along with pears and Elberta peaches. Bonds between villages and between tribes were strengthened by shared habitat, shared language, intermarriage, and similar customs and values. The challenges faced by early settlers struggling to create communities in the wilderness is usually fodder for the most compelling stories about the history of small towns, and Entiat is no different. The first priority of the Great Northern's president, James J. Hill (1838-1916), was to push his line over the Cascade Mountains to Seattle and become the nation's first transcontinental railroad to be built without government subsidies. The Colville Tribes are a confederation of twelve distinct bands of Indians . The median age in the city was 40.1 years. The Entiat Improvement Company was the major commercial center at that time. As I had mentioned before, I am a member of the Wenatchi Tribe, born and raised here in Wenatchee. It is located on the Colville Indian Reservation in eastern Washington state. That treaty was the first of several that the federal government imposed on the tribes living along the Columbia in Eastern Washington during the second half of the nineteenth century. The Entiat school opened in 1916 in its current location. Saska Peak : Climbing, Hiking & Mountaineering : SummitPost Wendell George: New park an honor for Entiat Tribe and chief - Indianz A large number of place names, including many of the mountains, were given by Albert H. Sylvester. [1], The Wenatchi tribe was far more isolated prior to the arrival of the horse, but afterward they adopted many of the traditions and style of dress of the Plains Indians and were closely allied with the Spokane tribes by the time white settlers arrived. Entiat Indian Tribe by sophia schnell - Prezi They traveled over this large area in an annual circuit to gather food. Wendell George is a member of the Colville Confederated Tribes and is now retired after many careers such as helping land a man on the moon as an engineer for Boeing, tribal planner, elected tribal Councilman, tribal corporation CEO, author, owner and operator of a 100-acre apple orchard and a 150-head . Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation, A Guide to the Indian Tribes of the Pacific Northwest, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Entiat_people&oldid=1151450546, This page was last edited on 24 April 2023, at 04:04. In addition to the Entiat, the tribes are known in English as the Colville, the Nespelem, the Sanpoil, the Lake (Sinixt), the Palus, the Wenatchi, the Chelan, the Methow, the southern Okanagan, the Sinkiuse-Columbia, and the Nez Perce of Chief Joseph's Band. The Entiat Rapids, just south of the river's mouth, presented a particular challenge. The watery highway of Lake Chelan provided a relatively easy transportation route from the Columbia River deep into the Cascades. Entiat River") and the Sinialkumuh Band of Entiat were often classed as "Wenatchi" or "P'squosa". The per capita income for the city was $13,529. By this time Chilcosahaskt had come to accept their presence, and one history notes that he was "naturally of a good disposition, although the same cannot be said of his wife" (Hull, 445). The Sanpoil territory centers around the Sanpoil River Valley, extending north to the boundary of the current Colville Reservation. The Okanogan traditional territory is comprised of the drainage system of the Okanogan and Chewuch rivers, as well as the Sinlahekin Valley. Repository Eastern Washington University Archives & Special Collections Eastern Washington University Libraries 320 Media Lane - 100 LIB Cheney, WA 99004-2453 Telephone: 5093592475 archives@ewu.edu Access Restrictions [citation needed]. The Free Encyclopedia of Washington State History. Entiat, the smallest incorporated municipality in Chelan County, is located on the west bank of the Columbia River, approximately halfway between Lake Chelan to the north and Wenatchee to the south. Subsequently, most modern day Wenatchis are found living on the Colville Indian Reservation, with a small number living on the Yakama Reservation. Some sources report that he had closer ties to the Lakes than the Colville. There were 421 households, of which 33.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.4% were married couples living together, 10.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 7.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 27.6% were non-families. The Wenatchi people or npqwxi / Npqwsx ("People in the between") are Native Americans who originally lived near the confluence of the Columbia and Wenatchee Rivers in Central Washington state. Lake Chelan") and Entiat were considered simply as another Wenatchi Bands; the Entiat (also known as: Inti-etook, Intietooks) - which called themselves ntiytkx (Sintia'tkumuk/Sintiatqkumuh) ("People from the place of grassy water/Gras in Water, i.e. P'Squosa Tribe - Wenatchi In 1892, to the chagrin of Orondo and other nearby towns on the east bank of the Columbia River, the Great Northern Railway built a bridge to cross the river at Rock Island, about 10 miles south of today's Wenatchee. In one large sweep of change, the economic basis, the identity of a community, and the sense of belonging were gone" (Griffith, 91). It extends south the Pot- holes area and east towards the Ritzville area. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Covington, Lucy Friedlander (1910-1982) - HistoryLink.org Chilcosahaskt's heirs sued, arguing that the issuance of the patent-in-fee was in error and perhaps fraudulent, that the trust patent remained in effect, and that the sale of the land to the Bonars was therefore void, which would invalidate all subsequent sales. Kinkanaqua was the last Salmon Chief of Kettle Falls. Cleveland Kamiakin was a young man when the construction began on the Grand Coulee Dam. The Confederated Tribes have over 9,000 descendants from 12 aboriginal tribes. When filled the lake would be 43 miles in length and encompass 9,100 acres. In 1899 (some sources say 1901) Charles C. King (1859-1938), who had volunteered to be Entiat's first postmaster, built a second store, which also housed the post office. Wendell George, a member of the Colville Confederated Tribes of Washington, talks about a new park in honor of the Entiat Tribe and Chief Chilcosahaskt: The history of the Entiat tribe and my great-grandfather Chilcosahaskt was little known until recently when Chelan County Public Utility District and the town of Entiat began an extensive upgrade of Entiat Park. We proposed to him a new exhibit about the Entiat Tribe. Ten years earlier, and perhaps unbeknownst to its citizens, a section of the Columbia River known as Rocky Reach, about nine miles south of the mouth of the Entiat River, had been identified by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers as a potential site for a dam that could supply both electrical power and irrigation. Entiat /n(t)it/ is a city in Chelan County, Washington, United States. Archives West Finding Aid - Orbis Cascade They were frequently on the move, traveling in and out of the mountains with the seasons, collecting plants, fishing small streams, and hunting game. In 2000, her ledger art took first place at the Eiteljorg Museum Indian Market & Festival in Indianapolis, Indiana. More areas in different updates. We have bits and pieces of the story, but told from the settlers' point of view. A Christian Church was built in 1902, a Quaker Church came in 1906, and the First Presbyterian Church was established in 1913. The Entiat lived in the Entiat River Valley. Wendell was also elected to serve on the boards of Wenatchee Valley College, Omak school, and Paschal Sherman Indian school. [8], According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 2.74 square miles (7.10km2), of which, 2.11 square miles (5.46km2) is land and 0.63 square miles (1.63km2) is water.[9]. The town's first school (although not the first in the valley), named the Harris School after its first teacher, was opened in 1899, and its small building was expanded in 1905 to accommodate a high school. Ledger artists, inspired by centuries-old line drawings and pictographs, work with introduced paper materials such as ledgers or journal books. Post not marked as liked. Lucy Friedlander Covington (1910-1982) was born in Nespelem on the Colville Indian Reservation and was a lifelong advocate for Colville tribal rights and land, becoming well-known and nationally respected for her fight against the federal policy of termination. In addition to the Chelan, the tribes are known, in English, as the Colville , the Nespelem , the Sanpoil , the Sinixt ( Arrow Lakes people ), the Palus , the Wenatchi , the Entiat , the Methow , the Southern Okanagan (Sinkaietk) , the Sinkiuse-Columbia ( Moses-Columbia ), the Nez Perce of Chief Joseph's band , and . Near the restrooms is a nice sculpture of the chief of the Entiat tribe who lived during 3 centuries. website accessed June 5, 2020 (https://douglaspud.org/pages/the-orondo-community.aspx); Leo Harker, "Columbia River Bridge," GNGoat website accessed June 8, 2020 (http://www.gngoat.org/columbia_river.htm); Rod Molzahn, "'On the Drift' -- Looking for a Home," The Good Life magazine, Vol. 2022 by Entiat Historical Society. Raven Speaks: A collection of articles about the culture and history of the Colville Confederated . This first town to be called Entiat grew slowly, but had two failings -- it was not directly on the planned route of the Great Northern Railway, and it had an inordinate susceptibility to fires. The "third" town of Entiat was "officially" open for business in 1961. Although considered by some ethnographers to be a subdivision of the larger Wenatchi tribe, the Entiat appear to have been an independent entity, as evidenced by the mark of Lahompt (or La-Hoom), the son of Entiat chief Chilcosahaskt, on the 1855 Yakama Treaty. Dr. Michael Marchand: NMAI's Meet Native America Series Entiat Indian Tribe by Dustin Ada - Prezi He learned the power of writing down the stories that were passed down through the generations from his parents. This is the reservoir formed behind Rocky Reach Dam. WikiMatrix. The Chelan (pronounced sha-lan) are an Interior Salish people speaking the Wenatchi dialect, though separate from that tribe. Villages were the basic political units of the region's tribes, usually composed of related individuals and essentially autonomous. Ittiwan. Our Nation is comprised of seven member communities in the Southern Interior of British Columbia: Okanagan Indian Band, Osoyoos Indian Band, Penticton Indian Band, Upper Nicola Band, Upper and Lower Similkameen Indian Bands, and Westbank First . Only six structures survived, and they were destroyed in 1921 by yet another fire.). His great-grandfather, Chilcosahaskt, was Chief of the Entiat tribe, his grandfather, Lahompt, started the first family cattle ranch and his dad, Moses, was elected to the first Tribal Council. Only one commercial building, the Oddfellows Hall, was moved to the new townsite, and only three of the town's several fruit warehouses were rebuilt there. In 1906 the Entiat Telephone and Telegraph Company was incorporated by Frank E. Knapp and two partners, and by 1908 its lines ran 15 miles up the Entiat Valley. ethnic group group=Entiat poptime= popplace=flagcountry|United States (Washington) rels= langs=English, Salishan related=Colville, Nespelem, Sanpoil, Sinixt, Palus, Wenatchi, Chelan, Methow, southern Okanagan, Sinkiuse Columbia, and the Nez Perce Perhaps uniquely, Entiat has had to move twice since its founding in the 1890s, forced first by fire and, 40 years later, by inundation when the Rocky Reach Dam was completed. In 1912, as the population in the region increased and its fruit industry expanded, the Great Northern began surveying a route that would carry the railroad to as far north as Oroville near the Canadian border. The Methow originally lived in and around the Methow River Valley. A Guide to the Indian Tribes of the Pacific Northwest: Book on the history of the Northwest Coast tribes, including a section on the Chelan. Males had a median income of $33,487 versus $21,324 for females. The median income for a household in the city was $33,450, and the median income for a family was $37,083. Chief Joseph led his band of Nez Perce who refused to leave the Wallowa Valley until a war erupted between his people and the U.S. Ar- my. Wendell George: Sharing Colville Tribes culture and history - Indianz T. J. Cannon a friend of no ordinary kind, for which he will ever be greatly esteemed" (Hull, 418). The population density was 700.6 people per square mile (269.7/km2). Our Nation is comprised of seven member communities in the Southern Interior of British Columbia: Okanagan Indian Band, Osoyoos Indian Band, Penticton Indian Band, Upper Nicola Band, Upper and Lower Similkameen Indian Bands, and Westbank First Nation; and in Northern Washington State, the Colville Confederated Tribes. The harassment carried over into the early summer of 1888, when Thomas J. Cannon (1856-1925), an ordained minister, arrived with his wife, Sarah (1834-1936). Haida | Encyclopedia.com Another on Wapato Point was home to about 100 people. At one point more than 13,000 sheep in eight bands were counted in the area, but the industry was greatly diminished by drought, the Great Depression, wartime labor shortages, and changing tastes. Haida. The Entiat regarded Cannon as a holy man and trusted him. Charles Glen King (18961988), biochemist, pioneer in the field of nutrition research, Entiat is located at the confluence of the Entiat and Columbia rivers. Chilcosahaskt, who did not then accept non-Native settlement, had him ejected in 1879 or 1880 by the commandant of a short-lived army camp at Lake Chelan. The Chelan speak English. The terrain along the river's length ranges from a narrow, steep, glaciated valley in the upper reaches to a broader U-shaped valley through the middle and lower stretches. Orientation. It is the least scenic (forest-bound river views notwithstanding) of the three approaches but the most direct. Phyllis Griffith, Nuggets of Entiat's Past (Entiat: Entiat Community Historical Society, 2019); Albert Long, Under the Guard of Ole Tyee (Entiat: Wayne and Joanne Long, rev.d 2008); Tom Hackenmiller, Wapato Heritage: The History of the Chelan and Entiat Indians (Manson, Washington: Point Publishing, 1995); A History of Central Washington, Including the Famous Wenatchee, Entiat, Chelan and the Columbia Valleys ed. In 1898 he traded it to another early settler, Frank E. Knapp (1868-1931), for a Columbia River ferry that Knapp had established to the north of the Entiat River. Copyright 2017 Okanagan Nation Alliance. Smith realized the potential of the fertile lower valley and later would recommend it to new settlers arriving in the region. This is where the problems began. However, in 1902 Chilcosahaskt, at his request and pursuant to another statute, was granted a patent-in-fee to the land, which gave him full and clear title and the legal right to dispose of it when and as he wished. After the arrival of the horse, Plateau tribes faced more competition from the Plains Indians and Indians from the Great Basin. Entiat's first significant industries were logging trees and milling lumber, and at various times there were up to 11 mills operating in the drainage basin of the Entiat River, the timber used for homes, commercial buildings, fruit boxes, irrigation flumes, and railroad ties. Wendell George is a member of the Colville Confederated Tribes and is now retired after many careers such as helping land a man on the moon as an engineer for Boeing, tribal planner, elected tribal Councilman, tribal corporation CEO, author of three books with another on the way, owner and operator of a 100-acre apple orchard and a 150-head cattle ranch. Work on the Rocky Reach Dam started in 1956, but was not scheduled to end until 1962, when the reservoir would be filled. More white settlers moved to the area, infringing on the Wenatchi's claim to the land, and the Great Northern Railway was approved to build a route through the reserved land. The Sinkiuse tribes populated the northern portion of Eastern Washington. The Entiat are members of the Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation, a federally recognized tribe. We are greatly honored thatWendell has given us permission to use words fromhis book ,Last Chief Standing, to tell the story of the Entiat Tribe from his tribe's perspective. [1] The Chelan Native Americans are thought to have splintered off from the Wenatchi tribe. The ranch was a large hay and cattle ranch. He had planted peach trees near his claim, the first documented cultivation of tree fruit in the valley. Jim James was one of the last individuals to be regarded as a traditional chief. It is part of the WenatcheeEast Wenatchee Metropolitan Statistical Area. The racial makeup of the city was 79.31% White, 0.52% African American, 1.67% Native American, 0.21% Asian, 16.51% from other races, and 1.78% from two or more races. Long Jims father was Innomeseecha, who was also a leader of the Chelan. The history of the P'Squosa Tribe. The river that they lived on, the Wenatchee River, had one of the greatest runs of salmon in the world prior to numerous hydroelectric dams being put in on the downstream Columbia, pollution and other issues, and was their main food source. Lewis Detwiler was well-traveled, having lived in Wisconsin, Kansas, Wyoming, and Montana before arriving in Douglas County in 1883 and claiming a homestead south of Orondo. The Syilx People of the Okanagan Nation are a trans-boundary tribe separated at the 49th parallel by the border between Canada and the United States. The Chelan Indians often traded mountain goat wool for dried clams and salmon, or for seashells, which they used for future trade or ornamentation. The Palus territory extended from the confluence of the Snake and Columbia Rivers in the west. Tribal Chiefs Colville Tribes The Ittiwan people, also spelled Etiwan, [1] were a Native American tribe, who lived near present-day Goose Creek. Lake Chelan is 51.5 miles (82.9km) long and .75 to 2.1 miles wide, and is the third-deepest freshwater lake in the United States and the ninth-deepest in the world with a maximum depth of 1,486 feet (453m). In 1889 Cannon established the first water-powered sawmill on the Entiat River, and he built the community's first frame house. Nespelem George served his people as a peacemaker and mediator. He presided at the Ceremony of Tears prior to the inundation of Kettle Falls in 1939 and served his people faithfully until his death in 1961. The Wenatchi Indians unlike many other tribes did not engage in war with the new arrivals and were even friends with the first white settlers and their families. It is inhabited and managed by the Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation, which is a federally recognized tribe comprising twelve bands. Last year, we invited Wendell George to join us at the Entiat Museum. The Wenatchee tribe (also spelled Wenatchi) lived along the Wenatchee River, which flowed from the Cascades into the Columbia. Janie Hollingsworth, an early settler born in 1911, remembers fondly growing up with the daughter of the Wenatchi Chief in the Nahahum Canyon area, riding horses together happily until the government decided to round up all the Indians and put them in existing reservations. The first public school was established in Entiat in 1891. click to enlarge . John Detwiler and his family left the area within a year, but Lewis Detwiler farmed his homestead for about a decade. Several historians accept that the chief was born in 1788, and he died in 1903. The land is currently incorporated into Wenatchee National Forest at the confluence of the Wenatchee River and Icicle Creek near Leavenworth. Entiat was officially incorporated on April 25, 1944. In 1886, a year before the arrival of the first non-Native settlers, he hired William Sanders (1861-1908) and Henry Domke, who earlier that year had become the first white settlers on Lake Chelan, to build it for him. with Wendell George. This collection contains one black and white photograph of Elizabeth Silico Friedlander (Sxum-talkts) of the Entiat Indian tribe. Water for Entiat came not from the river, but from a spring to the north of the townsite. This page was last edited on 23 November 2022, at 00:30. There were 400 housing units at an average density of 292.8 per square mile (112.7/km2). Silicosasket refused to relocate to the Colville Reservation and took an allotment at the mouth of the Entiat River. Crossing between the glaciers and cliffs on the crest of the mountains, they descended through the tall forests to the land of the Skagit tribes. #101, 3535 Old Okanagan HwyWestbank, BC V4T 3L7, T: 250.707.0095 | F: 250.707.0166Toll Free: 1.866.662.9609, Syilx Child and Family Declaration Information Sheet, axa i sccuntt i tl xaxitt xl i nqsiltt Family Declaration, Columbia River Salmon Reintroduction Initiative, The Syilx Indian Residential School Experience, Indian Residential Schools Impacts & Syilx Resilience, snklip cxuysts i qaqxlx How Coyote Brought the Salmon, ksxntk (Okanagan Lake) Responsibility Planning Initiative.
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